The Gottorp Globe

The Gottorp Globe was a predecessor of the modern planetarium:
Dating back to 1650, it is a reminder that science has always had a fun side. The 3-metre-diameter globe is hollow, and has mythological pictures of the constellations on the inside [and a map of the world on the outside]. Turned by water power, it demonstrates the “movement” of the heavens to those seated inside in candlelight. Czar Peter the Great of Russia coveted this marvellous toy and received it in 1713 as a present from the Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, whose forbears had built it in a palace garden to amuse and amaze visitors.
The Germans seized the globe during the Second World War, but American troops tracked it down in 1945 and handed it back to the Russians. Several years ago, German charitable foundations agreed to build a near-replica of the globe, but this time in steel, with electric motors and lights, and install it at Gottorf Castle (modern German spells the name with an F, not a P). … Strictly speaking, the globe in St. Petersburg is also a replica. The original was destroyed when the building caught fire in 1747, but the Russians built and painted it anew, using the original wooden ribs.
The 1747 reconstruction can now be found at the Lomonosov Museum in the St. Petersburg Kunstkammer:

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